Shubham Phougat — ResearchResearch papers on history, philosophy, religious belief, and ancient civilizations by Shubham Phougat.https://shubhamphougat.com/en-usThe Historicity of Rāma and the Evidence for the Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇahttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/valmiki-ramayana-historicity-research-report/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/valmiki-ramayana-historicity-research-report/A historical-critical research report on textual history, archaeology, competing interpretations, and ethical legacySat, 10 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Ethics of Rāma’s Exilehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/ramas-exile-ethics-and-ravana-plot-report/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/ramas-exile-ethics-and-ravana-plot-report/Duty, Moral Compromise, and the Defeat of RāvaṇaSat, 10 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTPhilosophy & ethicscashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Vedas: Origins, Knowledge and the Question of Truthhttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/vedas-research-report/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/vedas-research-report/The four Vedas and their textual layers; composition and geography; oral transmission and surviving manuscripts; creation hymns; translation and interpretive historyTue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTPhilosophy & ethicscashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Mahābhārata and the Bhagavad Gītāhttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/mahabharata-gita-moral-dilemmas-practical-ethics/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/mahabharata-gita-moral-dilemmas-practical-ethics/Moral Dilemmas, Ethical Compromise, Divine Strategy and the Practical Meaning of DharmaMon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTPhilosophy & ethicscashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)Morality, Dharma and the Politics of Victoryhttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/mahabharata-morality-krishna-shakuni-pandavas-kauravas-karna/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/mahabharata-morality-krishna-shakuni-pandavas-kauravas-karna/Krishna and Shakuni, Pandavas and Kauravas, and Karna’s Decisive RoleTue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTPhilosophy & ethicscashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)From Life to the Godshttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/fromlife-to-the-gods-human-origins-and-creation-beliefs/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/fromlife-to-the-gods-human-origins-and-creation-beliefs/Human Origins, Ancient Creation Narratives, and the Historical Making of the DivineMon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Human Search for Wisdomhttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/the-human-search-for-wisdom-philosophy-a-to-z/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/the-human-search-for-wisdom-philosophy-a-to-z/A Global History of Philosophy, Its Schools, Poets, and the Questions of God, Creator and CreationMon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTPhilosophy & ethicscashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Sacred and the Social Orderhttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/the-sacred-and-the-social-order/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/the-sacred-and-the-social-order/How religious ideas became sources of moral authority, social hierarchy, political legitimacy and personal meaning across civilizationsMon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTBelief & reasoncashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)Questioning the Sacredhttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/questioning-the-sacred/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/questioning-the-sacred/Moral Autonomy, Social Conformity, and Spiritual UncertaintySat, 10 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTBelief & reasoncashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)Does God Exist?https://shubhamphougat.com/research/does-god-exist-bayesian-analysis/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/does-god-exist-bayesian-analysis/A Bayesian and Philosophical Inquiry into Divinity, Religious Claims, and Human BeliefSat, 10 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTBelief & reasoncashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Human Need for Purposehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/the-human-need-for-purpose-evolution-cognition-and-being/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/the-human-need-for-purpose-evolution-cognition-and-being/Evolution, Cognition, Consciousness, and the Radical Possibility of Simply BeingMon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTPhilosophy & ethicscashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)Civilizations: Rise, Prosperity, Transformation and Legacyhttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/civilizations-rise-prosperity-transformation-and-legacy/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/civilizations-rise-prosperity-transformation-and-legacy/Origins, social and economic systems, kings and courts, scholarship, religion, crises and enduring influence across Africa, Asia, Europe and the AmericasThu, 01 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)Administrative Economies of Mesopotamia & Egypthttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/mesopotamia-egypt-admin-economic-history/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/mesopotamia-egypt-admin-economic-history/Taxation, Land Tenure, Temple Economies, Labour Obligations and Provincial Governance reconstructed from documents and archaeologyMon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Indus Civilizationhttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/indus-civilization-settlements-hydrology-production-mobility/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/indus-civilization-settlements-hydrology-production-mobility/Settlements, Hydrology, Production Networks and Population MovementMon, 12 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)Traditions, States and Transformationshttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/south-asia-traditions-states-and-transformations/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/south-asia-traditions-states-and-transformations/A comparative historical study of Vedic traditions, Buddhism, Jainism, the Mauryas, Guptas, Cholas, Delhi Sultanate and Mughal EmpireTue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)China’s Imperial Statehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/china-dynastic-state-capacity-taxation-elites-frontiers/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/china-dynastic-state-capacity-taxation-elites-frontiers/Dynastic Capacity, Agrarian Taxation, Examinations, Regional Elites, Commercialisation, Frontier Politics and Social MobilityTue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)Africa’s Historical Worldshttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/african-polities-aksum-nubia-mali-songhai-swahili-zimbabwe/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/african-polities-aksum-nubia-mali-songhai-swahili-zimbabwe/A source-critical study of Aksum, Kush/Nubia, Ghana, Mali, Songhai, the Swahili city-states, and Great ZimbabweTue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Indigenous Polities of the Americashttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/indigenous-polities-of-the-americas-comparative-research/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/indigenous-polities-of-the-americas-comparative-research/A comparative history of Maya kingdoms, the Mexica Triple Alliance, Tawantinsuyu, Cahokia and other Indigenous political worldsTue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Connected Worldhttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/connected-world-trade-disease-technology-religion/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/connected-world-trade-disease-technology-religion/A comparative history of the Indian Ocean, Sahara, Silk Roads and Atlantic worldsTue, 13 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Achaemenid Persian Empirehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/achaemenid-persian-empire-research-report-final/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/achaemenid-persian-empire-research-report-final/Power, People, Religion, Law, Economy, Conquest and CollapseMon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The British Empirehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/british-empire-extensive-research/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/british-empire-extensive-research/Power, Conquest, Society, Religion, Law, Economy and DecolonizationMon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Han Empirehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/han-empire-extensive-research/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/han-empire-extensive-research/Power, Society, Religion, Law, Economy, Expansion and CollapseMon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Inca Empirehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/inca-empire-tawantinsuyu-extensive-research/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/inca-empire-tawantinsuyu-extensive-research/Tawantinsuyu: Power, Society, Religion, Law, Economy, Conquest and CollapseMon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)India and Southeast Asiahttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/india-and-southeast-asia-geopolitics-history-geography-research/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/india-and-southeast-asia-geopolitics-history-geography-research/Geography, History, Society, Religion, Political Economy, Law and Contemporary GeopoliticsMon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Mexica-Led Triple Alliancehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/mexica-triple-alliance-extensive-research/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/mexica-triple-alliance-extensive-research/The Aztec Empire: Power, Society, Religion, Law, Economy, Conquest and CollapseMon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Mongol Empirehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/mongol-empire-extensive-research/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/mongol-empire-extensive-research/Conquest, Power, Society, Religion, Law, Economy and FragmentationMon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Mughal Empirehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/mughal-empire-extensive-research/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/mughal-empire-extensive-research/Power, Society, Religion, Law, Economy, Conquest and TransformationMon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Ottoman Empirehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/ottoman-empire-extensive-research/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/ottoman-empire-extensive-research/Power, Society, Faith, Law, Economy, Conquest and DissolutionMon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Qing Empirehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/qing-empire-extensive-research/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/qing-empire-extensive-research/Power, Society, Religion, Law, Economy, Expansion and the End of Imperial RuleMon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)The Roman Empirehttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/roman-empire-extensive-research/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/roman-empire-extensive-research/Power, Society, Religion, Law, Economy, Conquest and TransformationMon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTOrigins & historycashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)Kant’s Moral Philosophy and the Existence of Godhttps://shubhamphougat.com/research/kant-morality-god-advanced-research/https://shubhamphougat.com/research/kant-morality-god-advanced-research/A Critical Research Monograph on Autonomy, Practical Reason, the Highest Good, and Rational FaithMon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTPhilosophy & ethicscashubhamphogat@gmail.com (Shubham Phougat)